Cosmos bipinnatus

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Habitus and growth type

  • Height [m]: 0.7–1.5
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  • Growth form: annual herb
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  • Life form: therophyte
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  • Life strategy: R – ruderal
    ?

Leaf

  • Leaf presence and metamorphosis: leaves present, not modified
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  • Leaf arrangement (phyllotaxis): opposite
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  • Leaf shape: compound – bipinnate, compound – tripinnate
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  • Stipules: absent
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  • Petiole: present
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  • Leaf life span: summer green
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  • Leaf anatomy: mesomorphic
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Flower

  • Flowering period [month]: August–October
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  • Flower colour: white, yellow, pink, red
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  • Flower symmetry: actinomorphic, zygomorphic
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  • Perianth type: calyx absent, corolla present
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  • Perianth fusion: fused
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  • Shape of the sympetalous corolla or syntepalous perianth: ligulate, tubular
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  • Inflorescence type: panicula ex anthodiis composita
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  • Generative reproduction type: allogamy self-incompatibility
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  • Pollination syndrome: insect-pollination
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Fruit, seed and dispersal

  • Fruit type: dry fruit – achene/cypsela/samara
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  • Fruit colour: black
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  • Reproduction type: only by seed/spores
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  • Dispersal unit (diaspore): fruit, infrutescence or its part
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  • Dispersal strategy: Allium (mainly autochory)
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  • Myrmecochory: probably non-myrmecochorous
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Trophic mode

  • Parasitism and mycoheterotrophy: autotrophic
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  • Carnivory: non-carnivorous
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  • Symbiotic nitrogen fixation: no nitrogen-fixing symbionts
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Taxon origin

  • Origin in the Czech Republic: neophyte
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  • Invasion status: casual
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  • Geographic origin: North America
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  • Period of introduction: Late Modern Period (1800–1950)
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  • Introduction pathway: intentional – ornamental
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Habitat and sociology

  • Affinity to the forest environment

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  • Affinity to the forest environment in Thermophyticum: 0 – taxon that does not spontaneously occur in Czech forests
  • Affinity to the forest environment in Mesophyticum and Oreophyticum: 0 – taxon that does not spontaneously occur in Czech forests

Threats and protection

  • Red List 2017 (national categories): taxon is not on the Red List
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  • Red List 2017 (IUCN categories): LC(NA) – least concern (taxon is not on the Red List)
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  • Legal protection: not protected by law
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