Epipactis purpurata

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Habitus and growth type

  • Height [m]: 0.25–0.6
    ?
  • Growth form: clonal herb
    ?
  • Life form: geophyte
    ?
  • Life strategy: CSR – competitor/stress-tolerator/ruderal
    ?

Leaf

  • Leaf presence and metamorphosis: leaves present, not modified
    ?
  • Leaf arrangement (phyllotaxis): alternate
    ?
  • Leaf shape: simple – entire
    ?
  • Stipules: absent
    ?
  • Petiole: absent
    ?
  • Leaf life span: summer green
    ?
  • Leaf anatomy: mesomorphic, hygromorphic
    ?

Flower

  • Flowering period [month]: July–August
    ?
  • Flowering phase: 9 Hedera helix-Solidago (early autumn)
    ?
  • Flower colour: green-white, green, pink-violet
    ?
  • Flower symmetry: zygomorphic
    ?
  • Perianth type: homochlamydeous
    ?
  • Perianth fusion: free
    ?
  • Inflorescence type: spica
    ?
  • Dicliny: synoecious
    ?
  • Generative reproduction type: mixed mating
    ?
  • Pollination syndrome: insect-pollination, selfing
    ?

Fruit, seed and dispersal

  • Fruit type: dry fruit – capsule
    ?
  • Reproduction type: by seed/spores and vegetatively
    ?
  • Dispersal unit (diaspore): seed
    ?
  • Dispersal strategy: Lycopodium (mainly anemochory)
    ?
  • Myrmecochory: non-myrmecochorous (b)
    ?

Belowground organs and clonality

  • Shoot metamorphosis: rhizome
    ?
  • Storage organ: rhizome
    ?
  • Type of clonal growth organ: hypogeogenous rhizome
    ?
  • Freely dispersible organs of clonal growth: absent
    ?
  • Shoot life span (cyclicity): monocyclic shoots prevailing
    ?
  • Branching type of stem-derived organs of clonal growth: sympodial
    ?
  • Primary root: absent
    ?
  • Persistence of the clonal growth organ [year]:
    ?
  • Number of clonal offspring:
    ?
  • Lateral spreading distance by clonal growth [m]: 0.01
    ?
  • Clonal index: 3
    ?
  • Bud bank

    ?
  • Number of buds per shoot at the soil surface (root buds excluded):
  • Number of buds per shoot at a depth of 0–10 cm (root buds excluded):
  • Number of buds per shoot at a depth greater than 10 cm (root buds excluded): 8
  • Size of the belowground bud bank (root buds excluded): 28
  • Depth of the belowground bud bank (root buds exluded) [cm]:
  • Number of buds per shoot at the soil surface (root buds included):
  • Number of buds per shoot at a depth of 0–10 cm (root buds included):
  • Number of buds per shoot at a depth greater than 10 cm (root buds included): 8
  • Size of the belowground bud bank (root buds included): 28
  • Depth of the belowground bud bank (root buds included) [cm]:

Trophic mode

  • Parasitism and mycoheterotrophy: partial or initial mycoheterotroph
    ?
  • Carnivory: non-carnivorous
    ?
  • Symbiotic nitrogen fixation: no nitrogen-fixing symbionts
    ?

Taxon origin

  • Origin in the Czech Republic: native
    ?

Ecological indicator values

  • Ellenberg-type indicator values

  • Light indicator value: 2 – transition between values 1 and 3
    ?
  • Temperature indicator value: 6 – transition between values 5 and 7
    ?
  • Moisture indicator value: 5 – indicator of fresh soils, focus on soils of average moisture, missing on wet and on soils that frequently dry out
    ?
  • Reaction indicator value: 8 – transition between values 7 and 9, occurring mostly in calcium-rich conditions
    ?
  • Nutrient indicator value: 6 – transition between values 5 and 7
    ?
  • Salinity indicator value: 0 – not salt tolerant, glycophyte
    ?
  • Indicator values for disturbance

    ?
  • Whole-community disturbance frequency indicator value:
  • Herb layer disturbance frequency indicator value: -0.7
  • Whole-community disturbance severity indicator value: 0.19
  • Herb layer disturbance severity indicator value:
  • Whole-community structure based disturbance indicator value: 0.11
  • Herb layer structure-based disturbance indicator value: 0.22

Habitat and sociology

  • Occurrence in habitats

    ?
  • 12 Forests

  • 12C Oak-hornbeam forests: 2 – optimum
  • 12D Ravine forests: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 12E Herb-rich beech forests: 2 – optimum
  • 12F Limestone beech forests: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 12H Peri-Alpidic basiphilous thermophilous oak forests: 1 – rare occurrence
  • Affinity to the forest environment

    ?
  • Affinity to the forest environment in Thermophyticum: 1.1 – taxon occurring mainly in the closed forest
  • Affinity to the forest environment in Mesophyticum and Oreophyticum: 1.1 – taxon occurring mainly in the closed forest
  • Ecological specialization indices

    ?
  • Ecological specialization index for all vegetation types: 6.2
  • Ecological specialization index for forest vegetation: 6.3
  • Colonization ability

    ?
  • Index of colonization success (ICS): 1

Distribution and frequency

  • Floristic zone: northern temperate, southern temperate, submeridional
    ?
  • Floristic region: Europe
    ?
  • Continentality degree: 5
    ?
  • Distribution range extension along the continentality gradient: 3
    ?
  • Elevational belt in the Czech Republic: lowlands, colline belt, submontane belt
    ?
  • Occurrence frequency in the basic grid mapping cells and quadrants of the basic grid mapping cells: 160, 276
    ?
  • Commonness in vegetation plots from the Czech Republic

    ?
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots: 0.1 %
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots with a cover above 5%: 0 %
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots with a cover above 25%: 0 %
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots with a cover above 50%: 0 %
  • Mean percentage cover in vegetation plots: 1.5 %
  • Maximum percentage cover in vegetation plots: 3 %
  • Number of habitats with taxon occurrence in the Czech Republic

    ?
  • Number of narrow habitats in which the taxon occurs: 5
  • Number of narrow habitats in which the taxon has its optimum: 2
  • Number of broad habitats in which the taxon occurs: 1
  • Number of broad habitats in which the taxon has its optimum: 1

Threats and protection

  • Red List 2017 (national categories): C3 – vulnerable taxon
    ?
  • Red List 2017 (IUCN categories): NT – near threatened
    ?
  • Legal protection: vulnerable taxon
    ?
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