Juglans nigra

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Habitus and growth type

  • Height [m]: 25–30
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  • Growth form: tree
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  • Life form: macrophanerophyte
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Leaf

  • Leaf presence and metamorphosis: leaves present, not modified
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  • Leaf arrangement (phyllotaxis): alternate
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  • Leaf shape: compound – imparipinnate, compound – paripinnate
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  • Stipules: absent
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  • Petiole: present
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  • Leaf deciduousness in woody plants: winter deciduous
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  • Functional leaf type in woody plants: broad deciduous or semi-deciduous
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Flower

  • Flowering period [month]: May–June
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  • Flower colour: green
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  • Perianth type: reduced
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  • Perianth fusion: reduced
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  • Inflorescence type: amentum e floribus masculis, spica e floribus femineis composita
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  • Generative reproduction type: facultative allogamy
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Fruit, seed and dispersal

  • Fruit type: fleshy fruit – drupe
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  • Fruit colour: green, brown, black
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  • Dispersal unit (diaspore): seed, fruit, infrutescence or its part
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  • Dispersal strategy: Cornus (mainly autochory and endozoochory)
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  • Myrmecochory: non-myrmecochorous (b)
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Belowground organs and clonality

  • Position of root buds: lateral roots
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  • Role of root buds in life-history of a plant: additive
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  • Bud bank

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  • Number of buds per shoot at the soil surface (root buds excluded): 0
  • Number of buds per shoot at a depth of 0–10 cm (root buds excluded): 0
  • Number of buds per shoot at a depth greater than 10 cm (root buds excluded): 0
  • Size of the belowground bud bank (root buds excluded): 0
  • Number of buds per shoot at the soil surface (root buds included): 0
  • Number of buds per shoot at a depth of 0–10 cm (root buds included): 15
  • Number of buds per shoot at a depth greater than 10 cm (root buds included): 15
  • Size of the belowground bud bank (root buds included): 30
  • Depth of the belowground bud bank (root buds included) [cm]: 10

Trophic mode

  • Parasitism and mycoheterotrophy: autotrophic
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  • Carnivory: non-carnivorous
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  • Symbiotic nitrogen fixation: no nitrogen-fixing symbionts
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Taxon origin

  • Origin in the Czech Republic: neophyte
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  • Invasion status: naturalized
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  • Geographic origin: North America
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  • Period of introduction: Late Modern Period (1800–1950)
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  • Introduction pathway: intentional – collections, intentional – forest
    ?

Ecological indicator values

  • Ellenberg-type indicator values

  • Light indicator value: 5 – semi-shade plant, only exceptionally occurring in full light, but usually at more than 10% of the diffuse radiation incident in an open area
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  • Temperature indicator value: 6 – transition between values 5 and 7
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  • Moisture indicator value: 6 – transition between values 5 and 7
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  • Reaction indicator value: 6 – transition between values 5 and 7
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  • Nutrient indicator value: 7 – occurring at nutrient-rich sites more often than at average sites and only exceptionally at poor sites
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  • Salinity indicator value: 0 – not salt tolerant, glycophyte
    ?

Habitat and sociology

  • Occurrence in habitats

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  • 12 Forests

  • 12B Alluvial forests: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 12C Oak-hornbeam forests: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 12U Plantations of broad-leaved non-native trees: 2 – optimum
  • Affinity to the forest environment

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  • Affinity to the forest environment in Thermophyticum: 0 – taxon that does not spontaneously occur in Czech forests
  • Affinity to the forest environment in Mesophyticum and Oreophyticum: 0 – taxon that does not spontaneously occur in Czech forests
  • Ecological specialization indices

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  • Ecological specialization index for all vegetation types: 5.3
  • Ecological specialization index for forest vegetation: 5.9

Distribution and frequency

  • Occurrence frequency in the basic grid mapping cells and quadrants of the basic grid mapping cells: 72, 121
    ?
  • Commonness in vegetation plots from the Czech Republic

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  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots: 0 %
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots with a cover above 5%: 80 %
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots with a cover above 25%: 60 %
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots with a cover above 50%: 40 %
  • Mean percentage cover in vegetation plots: 36 %
  • Maximum percentage cover in vegetation plots: 64 %
  • Number of habitats with taxon occurrence in the Czech Republic

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  • Number of narrow habitats in which the taxon occurs: 3
  • Number of narrow habitats in which the taxon has its optimum: 1
  • Number of broad habitats in which the taxon occurs: 1
  • Number of broad habitats in which the taxon has its optimum: 1

Threats and protection

  • Red List 2017 (national categories): taxon is not on the Red List
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  • Red List 2017 (IUCN categories): LC(NA) – least concern (taxon is not on the Red List)
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  • Legal protection: not protected by law
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