Juncus gerardii

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Habitus and growth type

  • Height [m]: 0.15–0.5
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  • Growth form: clonal herb
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  • Life form: hemicryptophyte
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  • Life strategy: S – stress-tolerator
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  • Life strategy (Pierce method based on leaf traits): S/SR
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  • Life strategy (Pierce method, C-score): 8.9 %
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  • Life strategy (Pierce method, S-score): 68.9 %
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  • Life strategy (Pierce method, R-score): 22.1 %
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Leaf

  • Leaf presence and metamorphosis: leaves present, not modified
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  • Leaf arrangement (phyllotaxis): alternate
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  • Leaf shape: simple – entire
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  • Stipules: absent
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  • Petiole: absent
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  • Leaf life span: summer green
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  • Leaf anatomy: scleromorphic, helomorphic
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Flower

  • Flowering period [month]: June–July
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  • Flowering phase: 7 Ligustrum vulgare-Stachys sylvatica (end of early summer)
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  • Flower colour: brown
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  • Flower symmetry: actinomorphic
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  • Perianth type: homochlamydeous
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  • Perianth fusion: free
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  • Inflorescence type: anthella
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  • Dicliny: synoecious
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  • Generative reproduction type: mixed mating
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  • Pollination syndrome: wind-pollination
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Fruit, seed and dispersal

  • Fruit type: dry fruit – capsule
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  • Reproduction type: by seed/spores and vegetatively
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  • Dispersal unit (diaspore): seed
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  • Dispersal strategy: Allium (mainly autochory)
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  • Myrmecochory: probably non-myrmecochorous
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Belowground organs and clonality

  • Shoot metamorphosis: rhizome
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  • Storage organ: rhizome
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  • Type of clonal growth organ: hypogeogenous rhizome
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  • Freely dispersible organs of clonal growth: absent
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  • Shoot life span (cyclicity): dicyclic or polycyclic shoots prevailing
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  • Branching type of stem-derived organs of clonal growth: sympodial
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  • Primary root: absent
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  • Persistence of the clonal growth organ [year]:
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  • Number of clonal offspring: 4.3
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  • Lateral spreading distance by clonal growth [m]: 0.13
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  • Clonal index: 5
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  • Bud bank

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  • Number of buds per shoot at the soil surface (root buds excluded):
  • Number of buds per shoot at a depth of 0–10 cm (root buds excluded):
  • Number of buds per shoot at a depth greater than 10 cm (root buds excluded): 4
  • Size of the belowground bud bank (root buds excluded): 24
  • Depth of the belowground bud bank (root buds exluded) [cm]: 6
  • Number of buds per shoot at the soil surface (root buds included):
  • Number of buds per shoot at a depth of 0–10 cm (root buds included):
  • Number of buds per shoot at a depth greater than 10 cm (root buds included): 4
  • Size of the belowground bud bank (root buds included): 24
  • Depth of the belowground bud bank (root buds included) [cm]: 6

Trophic mode

  • Parasitism and mycoheterotrophy: autotrophic
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  • Carnivory: non-carnivorous
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  • Symbiotic nitrogen fixation: no nitrogen-fixing symbionts
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Taxon origin

  • Origin in the Czech Republic: native
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Ecological indicator values

  • Ellenberg-type indicator values

  • Light indicator value: 8 – light plant, only exceptionally occurring at less than 40% of diffuse radiation incident in an open area
    ?
  • Temperature indicator value: 6 – transition between values 5 and 7
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  • Moisture indicator value: 8 – transition between values 7 and 9
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  • Reaction indicator value: 8 – transition between values 7 and 9, occurring mostly in calcium-rich conditions
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  • Nutrient indicator value: 5x – occurring at moderately nutrient-rich sites, and less frequently at poor and rich sites (generalist)
    ?
  • Salinity indicator value: 8 – euhaline, on soils with a very high salt content
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  • Indicator values for disturbance

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  • Whole-community disturbance frequency indicator value: -0.28
  • Herb layer disturbance frequency indicator value: -0.28
  • Whole-community disturbance severity indicator value: 0.3
  • Herb layer disturbance severity indicator value: 0.33
  • Whole-community structure based disturbance indicator value: 0.59
  • Herb layer structure-based disturbance indicator value: 0.66

Habitat and sociology

  • Occurrence in habitats

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  • 4 Wetland and riverine herbaceous vegetation

  • 4B Halophilous reed and sedge beds: 2 – optimum
  • 4C Eutrophic vegetation of muddy substrata: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 6 Meadows and mesic pastures

  • 6D Alluvial meadows of lowland rivers: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 6G Vegetation of wet disturbed soils: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 8 Dry grasslands

  • 8D Broad-leaved dry grasslands: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 10 Saline vegetation

  • 10G Continental vegetation of annual halophilous grasses: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 10H Inland vegetation of succulent halophytes: 2 – optimum
  • 10I Inland saline meadows: 2 – optimum
  • 10J Saline steppes: 2 – optimum
  • Affinity to the forest environment

    ?
  • Affinity to the forest environment in Thermophyticum: 0 – taxon that does not spontaneously occur in Czech forests
  • Affinity to the forest environment in Mesophyticum and Oreophyticum: 0 – taxon that does not spontaneously occur in Czech forests
  • Diagnostic taxon

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  • Constant taxon

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  • Constant taxon of classes: TC Festuco-Puccinellietea
  • Constant taxon of alliances: TCB Juncion gerardii
  • Dominant taxon

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  • Dominant taxon of associations: TCB01 Scorzonero parviflorae-Juncetum gerardii
  • Ecological specialization indices

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  • Ecological specialization index for all vegetation types: 5.4
  • Ecological specialization index for non-forest vegetation: 5.4

Distribution and frequency

  • Floristic zone: boreal, northern temperate, southern temperate, submeridional, meridional
    ?
  • Floristic region: Europe, Asia, Americas
    ?
  • Continentality degree: 8
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  • Distribution range extension along the continentality gradient: 7
    ?
  • Elevational belt in the Czech Republic: lowlands, colline belt
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  • Occurrence frequency in the basic grid mapping cells and quadrants of the basic grid mapping cells: 76, 130
    ?
  • Commonness in vegetation plots from the Czech Republic

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  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots: 0.3 %
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots with a cover above 5%: 26.6 %
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots with a cover above 25%: 3.8 %
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots with a cover above 50%: 0 %
  • Mean percentage cover in vegetation plots: 6 %
  • Maximum percentage cover in vegetation plots: 38 %
  • Number of habitats with taxon occurrence in the Czech Republic

    ?
  • Number of narrow habitats in which the taxon occurs: 9
  • Number of narrow habitats in which the taxon has its optimum: 4
  • Number of broad habitats in which the taxon occurs: 4
  • Number of broad habitats in which the taxon has its optimum: 2

Threats and protection

  • Red List 2017 (national categories): C1t – critically threatened taxon, declining
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  • Red List 2017 (IUCN categories): CR – critically endangered
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  • Legal protection: endangered taxon
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