Lysimachia thyrsiflora

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Habitus and growth type

  • Height [m]: 0.25–0.6
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  • Growth form: clonal herb
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  • Life form: hemicryptophyte
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  • Life strategy: CS – competitor/stress-tolerator
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  • Life strategy (Pierce method based on leaf traits): R/CSR
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  • Life strategy (Pierce method, C-score): 31.2 %
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  • Life strategy (Pierce method, S-score): 15.8 %
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  • Life strategy (Pierce method, R-score): 53 %
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Leaf

  • Leaf presence and metamorphosis: leaves present, not modified
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  • Leaf arrangement (phyllotaxis): opposite, verticillate
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  • Leaf shape: simple – entire
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  • Stipules: absent
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  • Petiole: absent
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  • Leaf life span: summer green
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  • Leaf anatomy: helomorphic
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Flower

  • Flowering period [month]: May–July
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  • Flowering phase: 6 Cornus sanguinea-Melica uniflora (start of early summer)
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  • Flower colour: yellow
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  • Flower symmetry: actinomorphic
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  • Perianth type: calyx and corolla
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  • Perianth fusion: fused
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  • Shape of the sympetalous corolla or syntepalous perianth: funnel-shaped
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  • Calyx fusion: fused at the base
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  • Inflorescence type: racemus
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  • Dicliny: synoecious
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  • Generative reproduction type: facultative allogamy
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  • Pollination syndrome: insect-pollination, geitonogamy
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Fruit, seed and dispersal

  • Fruit type: dry fruit – capsule
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  • Fruit colour: brown
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  • Reproduction type: by seed/spores and vegetatively
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  • Dispersal unit (diaspore): seed
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  • Dispersal strategy: Sparganium (mainly autochory and hydrochory)
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  • Myrmecochory: non-myrmecochorous (b)
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Belowground organs and clonality

  • Shoot metamorphosis: stolon
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  • Storage organ: stolon
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  • Type of clonal growth organ: hypogeogenous rhizome
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  • Freely dispersible organs of clonal growth: absent
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  • Shoot life span (cyclicity): monocyclic shoots prevailing
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  • Branching type of stem-derived organs of clonal growth: sympodial
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  • Primary root: absent
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  • Persistence of the clonal growth organ [year]:
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  • Number of clonal offspring:
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  • Lateral spreading distance by clonal growth [m]: 0.13
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  • Clonal index: 5
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  • Bud bank

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  • Number of buds per shoot at the soil surface (root buds excluded):
  • Number of buds per shoot at a depth of 0–10 cm (root buds excluded):
  • Number of buds per shoot at a depth greater than 10 cm (root buds excluded):
  • Size of the belowground bud bank (root buds excluded):
  • Depth of the belowground bud bank (root buds exluded) [cm]:
  • Number of buds per shoot at the soil surface (root buds included):
  • Number of buds per shoot at a depth of 0–10 cm (root buds included):
  • Number of buds per shoot at a depth greater than 10 cm (root buds included):
  • Size of the belowground bud bank (root buds included):
  • Depth of the belowground bud bank (root buds included) [cm]:

Trophic mode

  • Parasitism and mycoheterotrophy: autotrophic
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  • Carnivory: non-carnivorous
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  • Symbiotic nitrogen fixation: no nitrogen-fixing symbionts
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Karyology

  • Chromosome number (2n): 40 (20, 42, 54)
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  • Ploidy level (x): 4 (2)
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  • 2C genome size [Mbp]: 2594.5
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  • 1Cx monoploid genome size [Mbp]: 648.62
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  • Genomic GC content: 36.2 %
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Taxon origin

  • Origin in the Czech Republic: native
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Ecological indicator values

  • Ellenberg-type indicator values

  • Light indicator value: 6 – transition between values 5 and 7; rarely at less than 20% of diffuse radiation incident in an open area
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  • Temperature indicator value: 5 – moderate heat indicator, occurring from lowland to montane belt, mainly in submontane-temperate areas
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  • Moisture indicator value: 9 – wetness indicator, focus on often soaked, poorly aerated soils
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  • Reaction indicator value: 4x – transition between values 3 and 5 (generalist)
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  • Nutrient indicator value: 4 – transition between values 3 and 5
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  • Salinity indicator value: 0 – not salt tolerant, glycophyte
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  • Indicator values for disturbance

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  • Whole-community disturbance frequency indicator value: -1.17
  • Herb layer disturbance frequency indicator value: -0.86
  • Whole-community disturbance severity indicator value: 0.16
  • Herb layer disturbance severity indicator value: 0.16
  • Whole-community structure based disturbance indicator value: 0.43
  • Herb layer structure-based disturbance indicator value: 0.4

Habitat and sociology

  • Occurrence in habitats

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  • 4 Wetland and riverine herbaceous vegetation

  • 4A Reed-beds of eutrophic still waters: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 4C Eutrophic vegetation of muddy substrata: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 4F Mesotrophic vegetation of muddy substrata: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 4G Tall-sedge beds: 2 – optimum
  • 4H Vegetation of low annual hygrophilous herbs: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 4I Vegetation of nitrophilous annual hygrophilous herbs: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 5 Vegetation of springs and mires

  • 5E Acidic moss-rich fens and peatland meadows: 2 – optimum
  • 5F Transitional mires: 2 – optimum
  • 5H Wet peat soils and bog hollows: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 6 Meadows and mesic pastures

  • 6E Wet Cirsium meadows: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 11 Heathlands and scrub

  • 11I Willow carrs: 2 – optimum
  • 12 Forests

  • 12A Alder carrs: 2 – optimum
  • Affinity to the forest environment

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  • Affinity to the forest environment in Mesophyticum and Oreophyticum: 2.2 – taxon occurring partly in the forest, but mainly in open vegetation
  • Diagnostic taxon

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  • Constant taxon

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  • Constant taxon of associations: LAA02 Carici elongatae-Alnetum glutinosae
  • Dominant taxon

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  • Dominant taxon of associations: MCG05 Caricetum diandrae
  • Ecological specialization indices

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  • Ecological specialization index for all vegetation types: 5.1
  • Ecological specialization index for non-forest vegetation: 5.2
  • Ecological specialization index for forest vegetation: 5.9
  • Colonization ability

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  • Index of colonization success (ICS): 2
  • Index of colonization potential (ICP): 2
  • Optimum successional age [years]: 15

Distribution and frequency

  • Floristic zone: boreal, northern temperate, southern temperate
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  • Floristic region: circumpolar
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  • Continentality degree: 6
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  • Distribution range extension along the continentality gradient: 6
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  • Elevational belt in the Czech Republic: lowlands, colline belt, submontane belt
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  • Occurrence frequency in the basic grid mapping cells and quadrants of the basic grid mapping cells: 155, 280
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  • Commonness in vegetation plots from the Czech Republic

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  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots: 0.7 %
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots with a cover above 5%: 9.1 %
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots with a cover above 25%: 1.4 %
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots with a cover above 50%: 0 %
  • Mean percentage cover in vegetation plots: 3.6 %
  • Maximum percentage cover in vegetation plots: 38 %
  • Number of habitats with taxon occurrence in the Czech Republic

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  • Number of narrow habitats in which the taxon occurs: 12
  • Number of narrow habitats in which the taxon has its optimum: 5
  • Number of broad habitats in which the taxon occurs: 5
  • Number of broad habitats in which the taxon has its optimum: 4

Threats and protection

  • Red List 2017 (national categories): C3 – vulnerable taxon
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  • Red List 2017 (IUCN categories): NT – near threatened
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  • Legal protection: endangered taxon
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