Ornithogalum umbellatum

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Habitus and growth type

  • Height [m]: 0.15–0.25
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  • Growth form: clonal herb
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  • Life form: geophyte
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  • Life strategy: CSR – competitor/stress-tolerator/ruderal
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Leaf

  • Leaf presence and metamorphosis: leaves present, not modified
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  • Leaf arrangement (phyllotaxis): rosulate
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  • Leaf shape: simple – entire
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  • Stipules: absent
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  • Petiole: absent
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  • Leaf life span: spring green
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  • Leaf anatomy: mesomorphic, hygromorphic
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Flower

  • Flowering period [month]: April–May
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  • Flowering phase: 4 Fagus sylvatica-Galeobdolon (start of mid-spring)
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  • Flower colour: white
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  • Flower symmetry: actinomorphic
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  • Perianth type: homochlamydeous
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  • Perianth fusion: free
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  • Inflorescence type: corymbus
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  • Dicliny: synoecious, androdioecious
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  • Pollination syndrome: insect-pollination, selfing
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Fruit, seed and dispersal

  • Fruit type: dry fruit – capsule
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  • Reproduction type: mostly vegetatively, rarely by seed/spores
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  • Dispersal unit (diaspore): seed
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  • Dispersal strategy: Allium (mainly autochory)
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  • Myrmecochory: myrmecochorous nv
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Belowground organs and clonality

  • Shoot metamorphosis: bulb
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  • Storage organ: bulb
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Trophic mode

  • Parasitism and mycoheterotrophy: autotrophic
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  • Carnivory: non-carnivorous
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  • Symbiotic nitrogen fixation: no nitrogen-fixing symbionts
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Karyology

  • Chromosome number (2n): 18 (27, 36, 45, 54, 72, 90, 108)
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  • Ploidy level (x): 2 (3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12)
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  • 2C genome size [Mbp]: 40683.9
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  • 1Cx monoploid genome size [Mbp]: 6780.65
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  • Genomic GC content: 44 %
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Taxon origin

  • Origin in the Czech Republic: archaeophyte/neophyte
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  • Invasion status: naturalized
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  • Geographic origin: Europe, Mediterranean
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  • Period of introduction: Late Middle Ages and Early Modern Period (merged category, 1200–1800)
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  • Introduction pathway: intentional – ornamental
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Ecological indicator values

  • Ellenberg-type indicator values

  • Light indicator value: 7 – half-light plant, mostly occurring at full light, but also in the shade up to about 30% of diffuse radiation incident in an open area
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  • Temperature indicator value: 6 – transition between values 5 and 7
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  • Moisture indicator value: 3 – missing on damp soil
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  • Reaction indicator value: 7 – indicator of slightly acidic to slightly basic conditions, never occurring in very acidic conditions
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  • Nutrient indicator value: 6 – transition between values 5 and 7
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  • Salinity indicator value: 0 – not salt tolerant, glycophyte
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Habitat and sociology

  • Affinity to the forest environment

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  • Affinity to the forest environment in Thermophyticum: 2.1 – taxon occurring both in the forest and open vegetation

Distribution and frequency

  • Floristic zone: northern temperate, southern temperate, submeridional, meridional
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  • Floristic region: Europe
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  • Distribution range extension along the continentality gradient: 6
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  • Elevational belt in the Czech Republic: lowlands
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  • Occurrence frequency in the basic grid mapping cells and quadrants of the basic grid mapping cells: 42, 52
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Threats and protection

  • Red List 2017 (national categories): A2 – missing taxon
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  • Red List 2017 (IUCN categories): DD – data deficient
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  • Legal protection: not protected by law
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