Petasites hybridus

new search

Habitus and growth type

  • Height [m]: 0.1–1.3
    ?
  • Growth form: clonal herb
    ?
  • Life form: hemicryptophyte (geophyte)
    ?
  • Life strategy: CS – competitor/stress-tolerator
    ?
  • Life strategy (Pierce method based on leaf traits): C
    ?
  • Life strategy (Pierce method, C-score): 85.9 %
    ?
  • Life strategy (Pierce method, S-score): 4.7 %
    ?
  • Life strategy (Pierce method, R-score): 9.4 %
    ?

Leaf

  • Leaf presence and metamorphosis: leaves present, not modified
    ?
  • Leaf arrangement (phyllotaxis): alternate
    ?
  • Leaf shape: simple – entire
    ?
  • Stipules: absent
    ?
  • Petiole: both present and absent
    ?
  • Leaf life span: summer green
    ?
  • Leaf anatomy: mesomorphic, helomorphic
    ?

Flower

  • Flowering period [month]: March–May
    ?
  • Flowering phase: 2 Acer platanoides-Anemone nemorosa (start of early spring)
    ?
  • Flower colour: pink
    ?
  • Flower symmetry: actinomorphic
    ?
  • Perianth type: calyx reduced, corolla present
    ?
  • Perianth fusion: fused
    ?
  • Shape of the sympetalous corolla or syntepalous perianth: tubular
    ?
  • Calyx fusion: pappus
    ?
  • Inflorescence type: racemus ex anthodiis compositus, panicula ex anthodiis composita
    ?
  • Dicliny: dioecious
    ?
  • Generative reproduction type: allogamy
    ?
  • Pollination syndrome: insect-pollination
    ?

Fruit, seed and dispersal

  • Fruit type: dry fruit – achene/cypsela/samara
    ?
  • Fruit colour: white, brown
    ?
  • Reproduction type: by seed/spores and vegetatively
    ?
  • Dispersal unit (diaspore): fruit, infrutescence or its part
    ?
  • Dispersal strategy: Phragmites (mainly anemochory and hydrochory)
    ?
  • Myrmecochory: probably myrmecochorous
    ?

Belowground organs and clonality

  • Shoot metamorphosis: stolon-like rhizome
    ?
  • Storage organ: stolon-like rhizome
    ?
  • Type of clonal growth organ: hypogeogenous rhizome
    ?
  • Freely dispersible organs of clonal growth: absent
    ?
  • Shoot life span (cyclicity): dicyclic or polycyclic shoots prevailing
    ?
  • Branching type of stem-derived organs of clonal growth: sympodial
    ?
  • Primary root: absent
    ?
  • Persistence of the clonal growth organ [year]: 3.8
    ?
  • Number of clonal offspring: 0.8
    ?
  • Lateral spreading distance by clonal growth [m]: 0.25
    ?
  • Clonal index: 5
    ?
  • Bud bank

    ?
  • Number of buds per shoot at the soil surface (root buds excluded):
  • Number of buds per shoot at a depth of 0–10 cm (root buds excluded):
  • Number of buds per shoot at a depth greater than 10 cm (root buds excluded):
  • Size of the belowground bud bank (root buds excluded):
  • Depth of the belowground bud bank (root buds exluded) [cm]: 6
  • Number of buds per shoot at the soil surface (root buds included):
  • Number of buds per shoot at a depth of 0–10 cm (root buds included):
  • Number of buds per shoot at a depth greater than 10 cm (root buds included):
  • Size of the belowground bud bank (root buds included):
  • Depth of the belowground bud bank (root buds included) [cm]: 6

Trophic mode

  • Parasitism and mycoheterotrophy: autotrophic
    ?
  • Carnivory: non-carnivorous
    ?
  • Symbiotic nitrogen fixation: no nitrogen-fixing symbionts
    ?

Karyology

  • Chromosome number (2n): 60
    ?
  • Ploidy level (x): 2
    ?
  • 2C genome size [Mbp]: 5230.54
    ?
  • 1Cx monoploid genome size [Mbp]: 2615.27
    ?
  • Genomic GC content: 37.8 %
    ?

Taxon origin

  • Origin in the Czech Republic: native
    ?

Ecological indicator values

  • Ellenberg-type indicator values

  • Light indicator value: 7 – half-light plant, mostly occurring at full light, but also in the shade up to about 30% of diffuse radiation incident in an open area
    ?
  • Temperature indicator value: 5 – moderate heat indicator, occurring from lowland to montane belt, mainly in submontane-temperate areas
    ?
  • Moisture indicator value: 8 – transition between values 7 and 9
    ?
  • Reaction indicator value: 7 – indicator of slightly acidic to slightly basic conditions, never occurring in very acidic conditions
    ?
  • Nutrient indicator value: 8 – pronounced nutrient indicator
    ?
  • Salinity indicator value: 0 – not salt tolerant, glycophyte
    ?
  • Indicator values for disturbance

    ?
  • Whole-community disturbance frequency indicator value: -1.07
  • Herb layer disturbance frequency indicator value: -0.5
  • Whole-community disturbance severity indicator value: 0.41
  • Herb layer disturbance severity indicator value: 0.41
  • Whole-community structure based disturbance indicator value: 0.37
  • Herb layer structure-based disturbance indicator value: 0.4

Habitat and sociology

  • Occurrence in habitats

    ?
  • 2 Alpine and subalpine grasslands

  • 2B Subalpine tall-forb and tall-grass vegetation: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 4 Wetland and riverine herbaceous vegetation

  • 4D Riverine reed vegetation: 3 – dominant
  • 4E Reed vegetation of brooks: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 4G Tall-sedge beds: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 4I Vegetation of nitrophilous annual hygrophilous herbs: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 4J River gravel banks: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 4K Petasites fringes of montane brooks: 3 – dominant
  • 4L Nitrophilous herbaceous fringes of lowland rivers: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 5 Vegetation of springs and mires

  • 5A Hard-water springs with tufa formation: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 5B Lowland to montane soft-water springs: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 5D Calcareous fens: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 6 Meadows and mesic pastures

  • 6E Wet Cirsium meadows: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 11 Heathlands and scrub

  • 11J Willow galleries of loamy and sandy river banks: 2 – optimum
  • 11R Scrub and pioneer woodland of forests clearings: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 12 Forests

  • 12B Alluvial forests: 2 – optimum
  • 13 Anthropogenic vegetation

  • 13E Perennial nitrophilous herbaceous vegetation of mesic sites: 3 – dominant
  • 13F Herbaceous vegetation of forests clearings and Rubus scrub: 1 – rare occurrence
  • Affinity to the forest environment

    ?
  • Affinity to the forest environment in Thermophyticum: 2.2 – taxon occurring partly in the forest, but mainly in open vegetation
  • Affinity to the forest environment in Mesophyticum and Oreophyticum: 2.2 – taxon occurring partly in the forest, but mainly in open vegetation
  • Diagnostic taxon

    ?
  • Diagnostic taxon of classes: XD Galio-Urticetea
  • Constant taxon

    ?
  • Dominant taxon

    ?
  • Dominant taxon of associations: XDB01 Petasitetum hybridi
  • Ecological specialization indices

    ?
  • Ecological specialization index for all vegetation types: 4.6
  • Ecological specialization index for non-forest vegetation: 4.7
  • Ecological specialization index for forest vegetation: 5.6
  • Colonization ability

    ?
  • Index of colonization success (ICS): 3
  • Index of colonization potential (ICP): 2
  • Optimum successional age [years]: 17.5

Distribution and frequency

  • Floristic zone: northern temperate, southern temperate, submeridional, meridional
    ?
  • Floristic region: Europe
    ?
  • Continentality degree: 5
    ?
  • Distribution range extension along the continentality gradient: 3
    ?
  • Elevational belt in the Czech Republic: lowlands, colline belt, submontane belt, montane belt
    ?
  • Occurrence frequency in the basic grid mapping cells and quadrants of the basic grid mapping cells: 503, 1229
    ?
  • Commonness in vegetation plots from the Czech Republic

    ?
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots: 1.1 %
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots with a cover above 5%: 73.5 %
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots with a cover above 25%: 64.6 %
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots with a cover above 50%: 54.5 %
  • Mean percentage cover in vegetation plots: 48.4 %
  • Maximum percentage cover in vegetation plots: 99 %
  • Number of habitats with taxon occurrence in the Czech Republic

    ?
  • Number of narrow habitats in which the taxon occurs: 17
  • Number of narrow habitats in which the taxon has its optimum: 5
  • Number of broad habitats in which the taxon occurs: 7
  • Number of broad habitats in which the taxon has its optimum: 4

Threats and protection

  • Red List 2017 (national categories): taxon is not on the Red List
    ?
  • Red List 2017 (IUCN categories): LC(NA) – least concern (taxon is not on the Red List)
    ?
  • Legal protection: not protected by law
    ?
This web page uses for the attendance analysis cookies. By using this web you agree with this. More info.