Pyrus communis

new search

Habitus and growth type

  • Height [m]:
    ?
  • Growth form: tree
    ?
  • Life form: macrophanerophyte
    ?
  • Life strategy: C – competitor
    ?

Leaf

  • Leaf presence and metamorphosis: leaves present, not modified
    ?
  • Leaf arrangement (phyllotaxis): alternate
    ?
  • Leaf shape: simple – entire
    ?
  • Stipules: present
    ?
  • Petiole: present
    ?
  • Leaf life span: summer green
    ?
  • Leaf deciduousness in woody plants: winter deciduous
    ?
  • Leaf anatomy: mesomorphic
    ?
  • Functional leaf type in woody plants: broad deciduous or semi-deciduous
    ?

Flower

  • Flowering period [month]: April–May
    ?
  • Flowering phase: 3 Prunus avium-Ranunculus auricomus (end of early spring)
    ?
  • Flower colour: white
    ?
  • Flower symmetry: actinomorphic
    ?
  • Perianth type: calyx and corolla
    ?
  • Perianth fusion: free
    ?
  • Calyx fusion: hypanthium
    ?
  • Inflorescence type: corymbus
    ?
  • Dicliny: synoecious
    ?
  • Generative reproduction type: allogamy self-incompatibility
    ?
  • Pollination syndrome: insect-pollination
    ?

Fruit, seed and dispersal

  • Fruit type: fleshy fruit – pome
    ?
  • Fruit colour: green, yellow, red, brown
    ?
  • Reproduction type: mostly by seed/spores, rarely vegetatively
    ?
  • Dispersal unit (diaspore): seed, fruit, infrutescence or its part
    ?
  • Dispersal strategy: Cornus (mainly autochory and endozoochory)
    ?
  • Myrmecochory: non-myrmecochorous (b)
    ?

Belowground organs and clonality

  • Shoot metamorphosis: shoot thorn
    ?
  • Root metamorphosis: root shoot
    ?

Trophic mode

  • Parasitism and mycoheterotrophy: autotrophic
    ?
  • Carnivory: non-carnivorous
    ?
  • Symbiotic nitrogen fixation: no nitrogen-fixing symbionts
    ?

Karyology

  • Chromosome number (2n): 34 (51, 68)
    ?
  • Ploidy level (x): 2 (3, 4)
    ?
  • 2C genome size [Mbp]: 1096.13
    ?
  • 1Cx monoploid genome size [Mbp]: 548.06
    ?
  • Genomic GC content: 40.4 %
    ?

Taxon origin

  • Origin in the Czech Republic: archaeophyte
    ?
  • Invasion status: naturalized
    ?
  • Geographic origin: anecophyte
    ?
  • Period of introduction: Early Middle Ages (550–1200)
    ?
  • Introduction pathway: intentional – crops
    ?

Ecological indicator values

  • Ellenberg-type indicator values

  • Light indicator value: 6x – transition between values 5 and 7; rarely at less than 20% of diffuse radiation incident in an open area (generalist)
    ?
  • Temperature indicator value: 6 – transition between values 5 and 7
    ?
  • Moisture indicator value: 5 – indicator of fresh soils, focus on soils of average moisture, missing on wet and on soils that frequently dry out
    ?
  • Reaction indicator value: 7 – indicator of slightly acidic to slightly basic conditions, never occurring in very acidic conditions
    ?
  • Nutrient indicator value: 5x – occurring at moderately nutrient-rich sites, and less frequently at poor and rich sites (generalist)
    ?
  • Salinity indicator value: 0 – not salt tolerant, glycophyte
    ?
  • Indicator values for disturbance

    ?
  • Whole-community disturbance frequency indicator value: -1.82
  • Herb layer disturbance frequency indicator value: -0.98
  • Whole-community disturbance severity indicator value: 0.22
  • Herb layer disturbance severity indicator value: 0.08
  • Whole-community structure based disturbance indicator value: 0.12
  • Herb layer structure-based disturbance indicator value: 0.2

Habitat and sociology

  • Occurrence in habitats

    ?
  • 7 Acidophilous grasslands

  • 7B Submontane Nardus grasslands: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 8 Dry grasslands

  • 8A Hercynian dry grasslands on rock outcrops: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 8B Submediterranean dry grasslands on rock outcrops: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 8C Narrow-leaved sub-continental steppes: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 8D Broad-leaved dry grasslands: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 8E Acidophilous dry grasslands: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 8F Thermophilous forest fringe vegetation: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 9 Sand grasslands and rock-outcrop vegetation

  • 9C Festuca grasslands on acidic sands: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 11 Heathlands and scrub

  • 11L Tall mesic and xeric shrub: 2 – optimum
  • 11N Low xeric scrub: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 11R Scrub and pioneer woodland of forests clearings: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 12 Forests

  • 12C Oak-hornbeam forests: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 12D Ravine forests: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 12H Peri-Alpidic basiphilous thermophilous oak forests: 2 – optimum
  • 12I Sub-continental thermophilous oak forests: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 12J Acidophilous thermophilous oak forests: 2 – optimum
  • 12K Acidophilous oak forests: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 12T Robinia pseudacacia plantations: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 12U Plantations of broad-leaved non-native trees: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 12W Pine and larch plantations: 1 – rare occurrence
  • 13 Anthropogenic vegetation

  • 13D Perennial thermophilous ruderal vegetation: 1 – rare occurrence
  • Affinity to the forest environment

    ?
  • Affinity to the forest environment in Thermophyticum: 2.2 – taxon occurring partly in the forest, but mainly in open vegetation
  • Affinity to the forest environment in Mesophyticum and Oreophyticum: 2.2 – taxon occurring partly in the forest, but mainly in open vegetation
  • Ecological specialization indices

    ?
  • Ecological specialization index for all vegetation types: 4.3
  • Ecological specialization index for non-forest vegetation: 3.7
  • Ecological specialization index for forest vegetation: 4.8
  • Colonization ability

    ?
  • Index of colonization success (ICS): 5
  • Index of colonization potential (ICP): 9
  • Optimum successional age [years]: 46

Distribution and frequency

  • Floristic region: Western Asia
    ?
  • Occurrence frequency in the basic grid mapping cells and quadrants of the basic grid mapping cells: 497, 1059
    ?
  • Commonness in vegetation plots from the Czech Republic

    ?
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots: 0.1 %
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots with a cover above 5%: 5.9 %
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots with a cover above 25%: 2.9 %
  • Occurrence frequency in vegetation plots with a cover above 50%: 0 %
  • Mean percentage cover in vegetation plots: 3.4 %
  • Maximum percentage cover in vegetation plots: 38 %
  • Number of habitats with taxon occurrence in the Czech Republic

    ?
  • Number of narrow habitats in which the taxon occurs: 21
  • Number of narrow habitats in which the taxon has its optimum: 3
  • Number of broad habitats in which the taxon occurs: 6
  • Number of broad habitats in which the taxon has its optimum: 2

Threats and protection

  • Red List 2017 (national categories): taxon is not on the Red List
    ?
  • Red List 2017 (IUCN categories): LC(NA) – least concern (taxon is not on the Red List)
    ?
  • Legal protection: not protected by law
    ?
This web page uses for the attendance analysis cookies. By using this web you agree with this. More info.