Carpino-Fagetea is a class of zonal broad-leaved deciduous forests of the European temperate zone, dominated by tree species with intermediate to high demands for soil moisture and nutrients. In the Czech Republic these forests are dominated by Acer platanoides, A. pseudoplatanus, Alnus glutinosa, A. incana, Carpinus betulus, Fagus sylvatica, Fraxinus angustifolia, F. excelsior, Quercus petraea agg., Q. robur, Tilia cordata, T. platyphyllos, Ulmus glabra and U. laevis. Of conifers, Abies alba has an its optimum in this class and in places dominates the vegetation, and Picea abies occurs in mixed conifer-broad-leaved forests of this class. The range of this class extends from the westernmost part of Europe to the Southern Ural Mountains. Similar forests are also found in western and southern Siberia.