Melampyrum nemorosum var. praecox

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Habitus and growth type

  • Height [m]: 0.1–0.4
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  • Life form: therophyte
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Leaf

  • Leaf presence and metamorphosis: leaves present, not modified
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  • Leaf arrangement (phyllotaxis): opposite
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  • Leaf shape: simple – entire
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  • Stipules: absent
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  • Petiole: both present and absent
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Flower

  • Flowering period [month]: May–June
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  • Flower colour: yellow
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  • Flower symmetry: zygomorphic
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  • Perianth type: calyx and corolla
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  • Perianth fusion: fused
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  • Shape of the sympetalous corolla or syntepalous perianth: bilabiate
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  • Calyx fusion: synsepalous
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  • Inflorescence type: racemus
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Fruit, seed and dispersal

  • Fruit type: dry fruit – capsule
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  • Fruit colour: brown, black
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  • Dispersal unit (diaspore): seed
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  • Dispersal strategy: Allium (mainly autochory)
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Trophic mode

  • Parasitism and mycoheterotrophy: root hemiparasite
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  • Carnivory: non-carnivorous
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  • Symbiotic nitrogen fixation: no nitrogen-fixing symbionts
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Karyology

  • Chromosome number (2n): 18
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  • Ploidy level (x): 2
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  • 2C genome size [Mbp]: 7870.32
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  • 1Cx monoploid genome size [Mbp]: 3935.16
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  • Genomic GC content: 42.1 %
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Taxon origin

  • Origin in the Czech Republic: native
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Ecological indicator values

  • Ellenberg-type indicator values

  • Light indicator value: 5 – semi-shade plant, only exceptionally occurring in full light, but usually at more than 10% of the diffuse radiation incident in an open area
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  • Temperature indicator value: 6 – transition between values 5 and 7
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  • Moisture indicator value: 4 – transition between values 3 and 5
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  • Reaction indicator value: 6 – transition between values 5 and 7
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  • Nutrient indicator value: 4 – transition between values 3 and 5
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  • Salinity indicator value: 0 – not salt tolerant, glycophyte
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Habitat and sociology

  • Affinity to the forest environment

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  • Affinity to the forest environment in Thermophyticum: 1.2 – taxon occurring mainly along forest edges and in forest openings, including forest roads and paths, windthrow sites, burnt sites and forest clearings
  • Affinity to the forest environment in Mesophyticum and Oreophyticum: 1.2 – taxon occurring mainly along forest edges and in forest openings, including forest roads and paths, windthrow sites, burnt sites and forest clearings

Distribution and frequency

  • Elevational belt in the Czech Republic: colline belt (lowlands)
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  • Occurrence frequency in the basic grid mapping cells and quadrants of the basic grid mapping cells: 10, 11
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Threats and protection

  • Red List 2017 (national categories): C1t – critically threatened taxon, declining
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  • Red List 2017 (IUCN categories): EN – endangered
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  • Legal protection: not protected by law
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